# Features

The Cableizer platform provides access to powerful modeling and simulation technology for energy cables – fast, efficient and flexible.

## Cloud-based computing

### use everywhere

No deployment, no hardware, no software installation.

• Works on any device, even your smart phone!
• Access your data when meeting clients!
• Running a stable Linux VM on DigitalOcean!
• Daily backups keeps your data safe!

Cableizer is under heavy development. You profit from new features and corrections immediately and automatically.

### share it maybe

You can share cables or projects with colleagues, clients or our support for efficient work.

### secure and protected

SSL encrypted and protected by Cloudflare

### sample cables

We offer you a library with more than 100 sample cables, ranging from 1 to 400 kV, single-core, three-core, with armour, etc. All based on standards such as VDE, IEC and HD.

You can store as many cables and project as you like. The search filters let you find them quickly.

## Modelling and Calculations

### model cables

Cableizer is suitable to model power cables of all voltage range, be it 230 V or 500 kV; AC or DC cables; one-, two- or three-core cables; with all kind of materials for conductor, insulation, screen/sheath, armour and jacket.

### model GIL

Model gas insulated lines (GIL) with hollow or solid conductors of different materials, a gas compartment with insulating gas mixtures of dry air, Nitrogen (N2), Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), CO2 Carbon dioxide (CO2), Oxygen (O2), a metallic enclosure and a protective cover.

GIL can then be used in air, buried, and in tunnels.

### in air

All options offered by IEC can be used, plus cables in pipes and grouped cables with solar radiation. You can even set the spacing to smaller values than given in the IEC. Additionally, a solar calculator with google earth integration is available for free!

We introduced cyclic rating in air based on a method by L. Heinhold (1999)

NEW! Add-on for Gas Insulated Lines (GIL).

### buried

You can create laying arrangements with up to 20 systems made out of different cable systems, all having different frequencies, loading, load factors, in pipes, directly buried, etc.

Add heat sources, backfills/ductbanks, consider drying-out, operate systems in parallel, etc... Even a soil temperature calculator is available for free!

NEW! Add-on for Gas Insulated Lines (GIL).

### temperature field

You can calculate the temperature distribution in the soil and show the increase in temperature due to power cables or heat sources/sinks.

You can define the temperature range manually.

### magnetic fields

You can calculate the magnetic field of multi-frequency systems, set the load flow or a phase-shift for each system. The output is in brilliant 2D isolines and in 1D lines above ground.

### multiple crossings

You can calculate the crossing at any angle of one or multiple cable systems with one or multiple other cable systems or heat sources.

Cableizer is the only software in the market able to calculate multiple crossings using an intelligent iterative procedure.

### tunnels

Cableizer is the only software in the market able to calculate the current rating for up to 6 different, unequally loaded cable systems in ventilated tunnels. The method is our own develpment and was presented at Jicable'18 in Paris.

Other methods you can choose from are unventilated tunnels/channels according to L. Heinhold (1999) and the limited IEC 60287-2-3 method.

NEW! Add-on for Gas Insulated Lines (GIL).

### troughs

You can calculate the cable current rating for multiple different cable systems or heat sources in empty or filled troughs.

Choose from five methods: IEC 60287, IEE Wiring Regulation (BS 7671), Slaninka I with all equal resistivities, Slaninka II with different resistivites, or Anders extending Slaninka II for empty (air-filled) troughs.

NEW! Analytic method acc. Endacott for filled troughs.

We introduced cyclic rating in air-filled troughs based on a method by L. Heinhold (1999).

### submarine cables

You can model three-core submarine cables with with jacket around each core. The calculation is based on the Jicable paper 'Thermal analysis of 3-core SL-type cables with jacket around each core using the IEC standard' by L.D. Ramirez et al., dated 2019.

The sheath jacket thermal resistance and it's thickness can be set independent from the filler.

### subsea

You can calculate the cable current rating for a subsea cable including parallel heat sources. The subsea cable can be fully buried, partially buried and completely in water. Calculation method can be chosen between IEC (only buried), Carslaw & Jaeger, Morud & Simonsen, Ovuworie, or OTC 23033

The heat increase at specific depth can be calculated to consider the 2K criterion.

### J-tubes

You can calculate the cable current rating for cables installed in J-tubes with four different methods:

• Empirically method by ERA (1988) for risers sealed at top and bottom.
• Analytical method by Hartlein & Black (1983) based around a thermal network model.
• Extension to Hartlein & Black by Anders (1996).
• Extension to Hartlein & Back by Chippendale et al. (2017) for J-tubes only.

### cable preview

Cableizer uses sofisticated code to visualize the cable in a 2D and 3D model and updates instantly after changes in the editor.

The dimensions of both previews are to scale for each layer relative to the others.

### weight of cable

The cable editor calculates the total weight of the cable per meter. The weight of the metallic parts such as copper, aluminium and steel are shown as well as the weight of the 'empty' hollow cable.

This gives input for

• cable pulling calculation
• total weight of drums for transportation studies
• estimation of cost of cable

### cable pulling and dressing factors

The minimal bending radius is calculated based on diameter and insulation.

The maximum admissible pull force is calculated based on the conductor material and cross section using a factor. This factor may differ in other countries.

### heat of combustion

The gross heat of combustion value - also known as energy value or calorific value - is used to quantify the energy content of a cable in case of a fire.

The heat energy content is calculated as a product of the mass per meter and the heat of combustion value per kg for all non-metallic materials.

Cableizer calculates both values per layer and in total.

### embodied energy & CO2

Embodied energy is the amount of energy consumed to extract, refine, process, transport and fabricate a material or product. It is often measured from cradle to factory, cradle to use, or cradle to grave (end of life).

Likewise, embodied carbon footprint is the amount of carbon (CO2) emission to produce a material.

### cost of metals

We calculate the cost of metals based on the latest available official metal prices.

The London Metal Exchange (LME) is the global platform for trading non-ferrous metals which we use copper (Cu), aluminium (Al), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni). Steel is traded many places and we use Shanghai Steel Rebar Futures.

### short-circuit currents

The short-circuit rating of any current carrying component of a cable - conductor, screen, sheath and armour - is calculated according to the standard IEC 949, taking into account non-adiabatic heating effects.

Initial temperature is taken from the ampacity calculation results directly to ensure worst-case scenario.

### voltage drop

For the calculation of voltage drop along a cable, one may enter a specific load (kW), the power factor (cosφ), and the length of the cable line. The power factor is the ratio of active power to apparent power and when the waveforms are purely sinusoidal the phase angle φ between the current and voltage.

If possible, the voltage drop is calculated for a range of 0 to 15% voltage drop. The voltage at the given length is visually highlighted and the value written in kV and %

### critical length

A figure can be drawn where the active power at the load point versus the length of the line is presented (assuming cosφ=1).

With increasing length, the capacitive charging current will reach the value of the maximum allowable current of the cable, so the charging current accounts for all the available heat losses in the cable and the active power reaches zero. This length is called the critical length.

### cable pulling

Calculations of the pulling tension should be made whether the pull looks easy or impossible, making the decision to pull an obvious choice. With Cableizer you can easily model the cable route with sections, slopes, bends and cable pushers including a fantastic 2D and 3D preview.

In addition to a table we produce a plot of the pulling force along the route. You can even calculate dynamically the pulling forces of cables being pulled over a route longer than the cables.

The solar radiation calculator is a tool that estimates the intensity of solar radiation for a given day and a given place depending on its location and altitude. The calculations assume clear weather conditions and assume that the location is not shaded. Enter the latitude and altitude of the location or select the values directly from google maps.

### soil temperature calculator

The soil temperature calculator helps you to estimate the ambient soil temperature at a particular lying depth and day of year. In climates with distinct seasons one observes temperature changes in the uppermost soil meters. The upper soil layers are heated in the summer, while the deeper layers are still cold and while the heat propagates downwards, air temperatures are already dropping again.

The Load Factor Calculator is a tool that calculates the squared ratio between the average power $D_{average}$ and the maximum demand $D_{max}$ in a period of time.

$$LF=\frac{D_{average}}{D_{max}}=\frac{I}{D_{max}} \frac{\sum\limits_{t=0}^T D(t)dt}{T}$$

It is used for cyclic loading calculations acc. to Neher McGrath. With a subscrition you can even calculate the loss factor μ from your load profile and use it for transient calculations.

### loss factor

The Loss Factor Calculator is a tool that calculates the ratio between the average power losses $L_{average}$ and the losses during peak load $L_{max}$, in a period of the time. In other words, the loss factor is simply the load factor of the losses.

$$\mu=\frac{L_{average}}{L_{max}}=\frac{I}{L_{max}} \frac{\int\limits_{t=0}^T L(t)dt}{T}$$

It is used for cyclic loading calculations acc. to IEC 60853. You need a subscrition to calculate the loss factor $μ$.

### cyclic and emergency calculation

You can calculate the cyclic load acc. to IEC 60853-2

As well as the emergency load (including graph)

### equations

Equations can be included in the calculation reports and the cable datasheets. Where multiple cases with different formulas exist for a certain parameter, the software always takes the exact formula which was used for the specific system and cable.

We don't use pictures, we actually write the correct and complete formula. For all steps!

Same for our open source documentation where every parameter can be found with description, formula, unit, standard values, and linked references.

### comprehensive reports

The simulation results are being displayed online and you are free to download them as high-end PDF. The results include all input parameters necessary to setup the study and all the main output data.

• show/hide equations
• include electrical parameters
• with short circuit current calculations
• don't show warnings
• show all parameters or make it short
• include/exclude cable datasheets in report

Missing data on the report? All parameters and results used by the database can be printed, just let us know!

Long version with all equations, electrical parameters and short-circuit currents

Shorter version with all parameters in German

### and many more features...

• Drying-out of soil
• Electrical parameters
• Parallel systems
• Four cables in common duct
• Coaxial cables with return of current in screen
• Complete range of conductor sizes IEC and AWG
• Double-layer armour
• Non-isothermal earth surface

### missing something?

Do you have a specific analysis or application in mind?

Let us know!