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Biot number of the pipe

Symbol
$\mathrm{Bi}_p$
Formulae
$\frac{U_{inwall} D_{ref}}{2k_4}$Morud & Simonsen / OTC 23033
$\frac{U_{inwall} D_{ext}}{2k_4}$Ovuworie
Related
$D_{ext}$
Overall outer diameter of pipe [m]
$D_{ref}$
Reference diameter for determination of OHTC [m]
$k_4$
Thermal conductivity of soil [W/(m.K)]
$U_{inwall}$
OHTC of inside film and pipe wall [W/(K.m$^2$)]
Used in
$C_{g2}$
Factor C2 for partially buried pipes
$h_{buried}$
Heat transfer coefficient wall to soil [W/(K.m$^2$)]
$h_{ground}$
Heat transfer coefficient buried part of wall to soil [W/(K.m$^2$)]
$K_{par}$
Constant $K_{par}$ (Ovuworie)