Rayleigh number, ground to air

The Rayleigh number for a fluid is a dimensionless number associated with buoyancy-driven flow, also known as free convection or natural convection. When the Rayleigh number is below a critical value for that fluid, heat transfer is primarily in the form of conduction; when it exceeds the critical value, heat transfer is primarily in the form of convection.

The Rayleigh number is the product of the Grashof number $Gr$ and the Prandtl number $Pr$.

Symbol
$\mathrm{Ra}_L$
Formulae
$\mathrm{Gr}_L \mathrm{Pr}_{gas}$
Related
$\mathrm{Pr}_{gas}$
Used in