Rayleigh number $c_{Nu}$ gas/duct
| $\mathrm{Gr}_{ext} \mathrm{Pr}_{gas}$ | riser: duct to ambient |
| $\frac{g \mathrm{Pr}_{gas} \beta_{gas} \left(\theta_{de}-\theta_{air}\right) {L_{d}}^3}{{\nu_{gas}}^2}$ | riser: Chippendale, IEC |
| $\frac{g \mathrm{Pr}_{gas} \beta_{gas} \left(\theta_{tw,ot}-\theta_{air}\right) \left(w_{t}+2t_{t}\right)^3}{{\nu_{gas}}^2}$ | tray top—air (TA) |
| $\frac{g \mathrm{Pr}_{gas} \beta_{gas} \left(\theta_{tw,ob}-\theta_{air}\right) \left(w_{t}+2t_{t}\right)^3}{{\nu_{gas}}^2}$ | tray bottom—air (BA) |
| $\frac{g \mathrm{Pr}_{gas} \beta_{gas} \left(\theta_{tw,os}-\theta_{air}\right) \left(h_{t}+2t_{t}\right)^3}{{\nu_{gas}}^2}$ | tray side—air (SA) |
| $\frac{g \mathrm{Pr}_{gas} \beta_{gas} \left(\theta_{e}-\theta_{air}\right) {w_{c}}^3}{{\nu_{gas}}^2}$ | tray cable pack—air (CA) |