Cableizer ®

Losses outside of riser

Symbol
$W_{de}$
Unit
W/m
Formulas
$\pi D_{do} h_{era} {\Delta \theta_{s}}^{1.09}-W_{sun}$
Related
$D_{do}$
Outer diameter duct [m]
$\Delta \theta_{s}$
Temperature difference surface—ambient [K]
$h_{era}$
Heat transfer coefficient convection ERA [W/(K.m$^2$)]
$\pi$
Archimedes' constant $\pi$
$W_{sun}$
Heat transfer solar radiation air→surface [W/m]