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Skin effect factor of conductor

Skin effect is the name given to the tendency for current to flow predominantly in the periphery of a conductor due to the internal magnetic field in the conductor.

In the absence of alternative formulae, it is recommended that the formulae should be used for sector and oval-shaped conductors.

Symbol
$y_s$
Formulae
$\frac{{x_s}^4}{192+0.8{x_s}^4}$$x_s<=2.8$
$0.354x_s-0.733$$x_s>3.8$
$0.0563{x_s}^2-0.0177x_s-0.136$otherwise
Related
$x_s$
Factor for skin effect on conductor
Used in
$R_1$
Positive sequence resistance [$\Omega$/m]
$R_c$
Electrical resistance of conductor [$\Omega$/m]
$y_c$
Skin and proximity effect factor for PAC/GIL conductor
$Z_d$
Positive sequence impedance [$\Omega$/m]
$Z_h$
Zero-sequence impedance [$\Omega$/m]