The voltage gradient induced in a cable shield may be considered as a special case in which the parallel conductor is a shield at a spacing from the conductor that it embraces equal to the mean radius of the shield. When no other current-carrying conductor is in the vicinity.
| $+j \omega I_{ka} 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \ln\left(\frac{2{S_{ab}}^2}{d S_{ac}}\right)+j \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \ln\left(\frac{2S_{ac}}{d}\right)\right)$ | three-phase symmetrical fault, general case, without transposition |
| $+j \omega I_{ka} 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \left(\frac{-1}{2}+j \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) \ln\left(\frac{2S_m}{d}\right)$ | three-phase symmetrical fault, trefoil, without transposition |
| $+j \omega I_{ka} 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \ln\left(\frac{S_m}{d}\right)+j \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \ln\left(\frac{4S_m}{d}\right)\right)$ | three-phase symmetrical fault, flat, without transposition |
| $+j \omega I_{ka} 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \ln\left(\frac{GMD}{d}\right)$ | three-phase symmetrical fault, with regular transposition |
| $+j \omega I_{ka} 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \ln\left(\frac{2S_{ab}}{d}\right)$ | phase-to-phase fault between phases a + b |
| $I_{ka} \left(R_{ct}+j \omega 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \ln\left(\frac{2{S_{ap}}^2}{d r_g}\right)\right)$ | single-phase ground fault in phase a, single-side bonded (solidly grounded neutral) |
| $+j \omega I_{ka} 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \ln\left(\left(\frac{S_m}{d}\right)^2 \frac{d}{r_g}\right)$ | highest single-phase ground fault in phase a, single-side bonded (without Rct) |
| $\frac{I_{kx}}{3} \left(Z_{ss}+2Z_{sg}\right)-I_{ka} \left(Z_{ss}-R_s\right)$ | single-phase ground fault in phase a minor section 1, cross-bonded, trefoil |
| $\frac{I_{kx}}{3} \left(Z_{ss}+Z_{oog}+Z_{oig}\right)-I_{ka} \left(Z_{ss}-R_s\right)$ | single-phase ground fault in phase a minor section 1, cross-bonded, flat |
| $\frac{I_{ka}}{2} \left(R_{ct}+j \omega 2{\cdot}{10}^{-7} \ln\left(\frac{D_E}{d}\right)\right)$ | single-phase ground fault in phase a, solid bonded (without ecc) |
